Definition
An axon is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell (neuron). It conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body. Think of it as a wire that carries signals from one part of the brain to another. Axons can be very short or extremely long, spanning from the spinal cord to your toes. They're often covered in a myelin sheath, which speeds up signal transmission. The axon transmits information to other neurons, muscles, or glands. Essentially, it's the neuron's output cable.