Definition
Ferromagnetism is the strongest type of magnetism, found in materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt. In these materials, the atomic magnetic moments spontaneously align parallel to each other, creating a large net magnetization. This alignment occurs within regions called magnetic domains. Once magnetized, ferromagnetic materials retain their magnetization even without an external field, making them ideal for permanent magnets. Think of it like a stadium wave; everyone is aligned and moving together, creating a strong, visible effect. This is unlike paramagnetism or diamagnetism.