Definition
James Buchanan (1791–1868) was the 15th President of the United States, serving from 1857 to 1861. His presidency is widely regarded as a failure, largely due to his inability to prevent the secession of Southern states and the outbreak of the Civil War. He was a skilled politician and diplomat before becoming president, but he lacked the strong leadership needed during a time of crisis. Buchanan's legacy is marked by inaction and misjudgment. He represents a cautionary tale of leadership during times of division.