Definition
Louis XI, the "Spider King" of France, ruled in the 15th century. He was known for his cunning and political maneuvering, spinning webs of alliances and strategies. Unlike some monarchs who relied on brute force, Louis XI preferred diplomacy and intelligence. Think of him as the chess player of kings, always several moves ahead. His reign consolidated royal power and expanded French territory. He also modernized France, including its infrastructure and trade.