Definition
Surgeonfish are a group of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae. They are easily recognized by the sharp, scalpel-like spines located on either side of their tail base. These spines are primarily used for defense against predators and for establishing dominance among themselves. Surgeonfish are mostly herbivorous, feeding on algae that grow on coral reefs and rocky substrates. Their feeding habits help maintain the balance and health of reef ecosystems. They are found in tropical and subtropical waters around the world, often displaying vibrant colors and patterns.